Nursing care plan for bed bound

Bed bound individuals may have difficulty performing their daily activities if left without proper nursing care. For this reason, it is essential that nurses develop a plan of care for bed-bound patients according to their specific needs. A nursing care plan for bed-bound individuals includes assessments, diagnosis, outcomes, interventions, and evaluation to ensure the best possible outcome.

Assessment

The assessment process is an important first step in designing a comprehensive plan of care for bed-bound individuals. It includes physical, psychosocial, and environmental assessment components. Physical assessments include evaluating the patient's mobility, skin integrity, sensory perception, and ability to self-care. Psychosocial assessments include evaluating the patient's cognitive ability, level of depression and anxiety, ability to cope with the condition, and ability to communicate.

• Physical Assessment: Evaluate mobility, skin integrity, sensory perception, and self-care ability.
• Psychosocial Assessment: Assess cognitive ability, level of depression and anxiety, coping skills, and communication ability.

Nursing Diagnosis

After the assessments are completed, the nurse will use the data collected to identify any potential nursing diagnoses. Nursing diagnoses are evidence-based statements used to identify problems or potential problems. Examples of nursing diagnoses for bed-bound individuals include but are not limited to impaired physical mobility, decreased cardiac output, altered nutrition, risk for skin breakdown, altered emotional state, and pain.

• Nursing Diagnoses:
  • Identify impaired physical mobility.
  • Recognize decreased cardiac output.
  • Address altered nutrition.
  • Evaluate risk for skin breakdown.
  • Assess altered emotional state.
  • Manage pain.

Outcomes

Once the assessment and nursing diagnoses are completed, the nurse will develop specific outcome goals related to the plan of care. Outcome goals provide a framework for the plan of care and are measurable results that the nurse can use to assess the patient's progress. Examples of outcome goals for bed-bound individuals include increased mobility, improved nutrition, increased independence in activities of daily living, improved skin integrity, reduced pain, improved emotional state, and improved communication.

• Outcome Goals:
  • Develop goals for increased mobility.
  • Enhance nutrition.
  • Promote independence in activities of daily living.
  • Improve skin integrity.
  • Reduce pain.
  • Enhance emotional state.
  • Improve communication.

Interventions

After the outcome goals have been developed, a plan of care must be implemented to achieve those goals. The interventions chosen should target each of the identified outcome goals. Examples of interventions for bed-bound individuals include but are not limited to transfer training, range of motion exercises, activity therapy, pain management, relaxation techniques, nutrition counseling, skin care, social support, and communication strategies.

• Interventions:
  • Implement transfer training.
  • Conduct range of motion exercises.
  • Engage in activity therapy.
  • Manage pain through appropriate methods.
  • Apply relaxation techniques.
  • Provide nutrition counseling.
  • Offer proper skin care.
  • Provide social support.
  • Implement communication strategies.

Rationales

It is important to understand why certain interventions are chosen and what the expected outcomes of those interventions should be. Rationales provide evidence-based reasons as to why certain interventions should be employed. Rationales can also provide direction on how to use certain interventions and expectations for outcomes.

• Rationales: Understand the reasons for chosen interventions and expected outcomes.

Evaluation

Once the plan of care has been implemented, the nurse will evaluate the patient's progress and make adjustments as necessary. Evaluation helps to identify what interventions may be working and what interventions may need to be adjusted or changed. The nurse should be sure to document all changes in the plan of care and the effect of those changes.

• Evaluation: Assess patient progress, make adjustments as needed, and document changes in the plan of care.

FAQs

• What is a nursing care plan?
  A nursing care plan is an individualized plan of care created to meet the needs of a particular patient.
• When should a nursing care plan be updated?
  A nursing care plan should be updated as needed to reflect changes in the patient's needs.
• How often should a nursing assessment be completed?
  A thorough nursing assessment should be completed at least once per shift.
• How long does a nursing care plan typically last?
  The length of a nursing care plan depends on the patient's needs and can range from days to months.
• What are the components of a nursing care plan?
  The components of a nursing care plan include assessment, nursing diagnosis, outcomes, interventions, rationales, and evaluation.